Seizure of Illegitimate Properties in Iran Laws
Properties acquired by illegitimate means have been always part of the criminal codes and regulations. But Iranian law has a special legal framework based on the constitution and decrees that depict a concrete machinery of seizure.
Why is the seizure of illegitimate properties sui generis in Iran Laws?
The usual path to pursue a topic like this is the book of criminal law. Yet, the Iranian penal code avails the courts a complete framework to seize the properties acquired as a result of criminal acts. But what we are talking about in this article has nothing to do with the general rules. Let me cut to the chase: we are talking about the constitutional type of seizure of properties. Principle 49 lead the legislators to enact a law pursuant to which it became so easy for high-ranking authorities to seize what they considered illegitimate. The main target was the properties of the Shah’s regime heads and a way to make nationalization of the big companies simpler. But it then began to get complicated when the rules and regulations in this field went after the properties of unknown holders and the people who emigrated from the country during the war and left no relative or representative behind. In the text below you will find out what laws and regulations are applicable in this field.
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Decree of 1979
Soon after the revolution, the supreme leader issued a decree and entrusted the Revolution Council with finding and seizure of the properties of the Pahlavi Family and all the people related to them or somehow had a connection with them. The supreme leader banned the government from intervening in this process. For this purpose, Revolution Council established an institution named “Bonyad”, through which the benefits of the aforementioned properties would go to the indigent people.
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